De Quervain Tendonitis

What is De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis?

De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the tendons located at the base of the thumb and the wrist. It typically results in pain, swelling, and restricted movement in this area, especially when engaging in activities that involve repetitive wrist or thumb movements, such as gripping or pinching. Common activities that can contribute to this condition include typing, gardening, and caring for a baby. Treatment options range from rest, wrist splints, and physical therapy to anti-inflammatory medications and, in severe cases, surgery to relieve symptoms.

Causes of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

De Quervain’s tenosynovitis occurs due to inflammation and irritation of the tendons at the base of the thumb and wrist. The main causes include:

• Repetitive Motions: Activities that require repeated wrist and thumb movements, such as typing, caring for a baby, or gardening, can put stress on the tendons.
• Straining Positions: Keeping the hand or wrist in a fixed or awkward position for extended periods can irritate the tendons.
• Injuries: Trauma or injury to the wrist or thumb can lead to the development of De Quervain’s tenosynovitis.
• Genetic Factors: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to develop this condition.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes and increased body weight during pregnancy can increase the risk of developing De Quervain’s tenosynovitis.
• Aging: As people age, tendons lose elasticity, which can increase the risk of developing this condition.

Symptoms of De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

De Quervain’s tenosynovitis symptoms generally develop gradually and may include:

• Pain: Pain at the base of the thumb and wrist, especially when moving the thumb or applying pressure to the affected area.
• Swelling: Swelling at the base of the thumb and wrist, often accompanied by tenderness.
• Sensitivity: The affected area may be sensitive to touch or pressure.
• Limited Motion: Difficulty moving the thumb, particularly when trying to extend it away from the hand.
• Clicking Sounds: In more severe cases, tendon movement may cause a clicking or snapping sound.

These symptoms typically worsen with repetitive movements and can interfere with daily activities. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further complications.

Treatment Options for De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

Treatment for De Quervain’s tenosynovitis focuses on reducing inflammation, relieving symptoms, and restoring hand function. Common treatments include:

• Rest and Activity Modification: Resting the wrist and avoiding repetitive activities can help reduce inflammation.
• Cold Therapy: Applying ice or cold packs to the affected area can help reduce swelling and relieve pain.
• Wrist Splints: Wearing a splint can help immobilize the wrist and thumb, giving the tendons time to heal.
• Anti-inflammatory Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
• Physical Therapy: A tailored physical therapy program can help strengthen and increase flexibility in the hand and wrist muscles.
• Steroid Injections: In more severe cases, steroid injections may be recommended to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.
• Surgery: If other treatments fail, surgery may be necessary to release the affected tendons, providing relief from symptoms.

Treatment should be individualized, and early intervention can lead to better outcomes and faster recovery.